Hiram arnold



@atten tutes atwt itirr.

HIRAM ARNOLD,1OF GOWANDA, NEW YORK. Letters Patent No. 73,6%, datedJanuary 28, 1868.

IMPROVEMENT IN WELL-TUBES.

T ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, HIRAM ARNOLD, of-Gowanda, in the county ofCattaraugus, and State of New York, have linvented a certain new anduseful Improvement in ITube-Wells; and I do hereby declare thatthe'iollowing is a full and exact description thereof, reference beinghad to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification, inwl1iclr I i l Figure 1 is a sectional view'oiI my improvement in the actof being driven into the earth.

Figure 2 isa view, partly in section, of a well, after it has beencompleted.

Figure 3 is a cross-section of the point in plane of red line.

Like letters of referencedesignate corresponding parts inall the gures.

My invention consists in the construct-ion, combination, and arrangementof a well-tube,'consisting of a i driving-point, made as described, andcombined with a short obliquely-slotted inner tube, to which it isfastened, and an outer main tube, enlarged at the bottom, whichsurrounds and protectsthe openings in the inner tube while thetube isbeing driven, and which is afterwards drawn partially up, so as touncover the'openings and admit the water, the two tubes being connectedtogether, and locked, when required, in the peculiar manner hereinafterdescribed.

In the drawings, A represents a short inner tubeaixcd tothedriving-point, provided with oblique openings-or slots,b b, (arranged asshown,) for `the admission of the water. C, the driving-point,consisting of a steel or hardened point, d, having a stem or shank, e,which passes through a cast-iron uted portion, f, and screws into theend of the tube A, -or into a reducingmut, g, within the latter, asclearly shown in iig. 1. H is the main tube of the well, the lower endof which screws into an enlargedl portion, H', that surrounds the iinner tube. A ring, z', is arranged within -the portion H', filling thespace between the lower end of H and the l top of the inner tube, sothat the percussion in driving will be received and divided between bothtubes, A H', instead of only one, as in the ordinary methods in use. Toprevent the tubes A H' from becoming disengaged during the operation ofelevating the latter to uncover the slots in the former, I secure, bywelding or other .suitable way, a thirnble or collar, m, to the top ofthe inner tube, and a similar one, n, in the lower `end of thewater-tube, formingshoulders, which, coming in contact after the tubehas been raised to the proper point, prevent their separation, asclearlyshownin fig. 2.

In driving wells, it is frequently required, from various causes, toelevate the entire apparatus, in which case it is desirable that thetwo-tubes be locked together, as they are more easily withdrawn in thatposition, (shown in fig.l 1,) from the fact that the point offers lessresistance than it wuld inthe other position, shown in tig. 2. This Iaccomplish by means 'of ,a pin, o, that ,is made to project a short"distance within the outer tube H', and secures the tubes together byengaging under'the shoulder formed by the thimble mon the top of theinner tube.` In order to permit this pin to passthe shoulder m, when itis required to raise the outer tube in .uncovering the inner one, Iprovide a slot, pformed in the surface of"'the thimble, ih which itfreely slides" when the outer tube is turned, so that the` pin coincidestherewith. The tubes are locked together by simply giving the outer one'a partial turn to destroy that coincidence, when the pin, engagingunder the shoulder, pre= vents their sepnration,'as`above stated. Thecorrugations s Aof 'the cast portionof the point begin at the loweredge, and gradually increase in depth-to the outer edge of the tube H',as'shown in iig. Y.l, and operate to prei vent the point from turningwith Ithe main tube in locking 'the latter. They alsov enable thepoint'to more easily k penetrate the earth, from the cutting-edges thatare formed at ,their junction; and by displacing the'earth, and

leaving it impacted in Athei'orm given bythe flutes, leave the hole forthe tube so as to present less frictiona surface, and he'nce drive moreeasily than if it were round. f Y v Constructing the point intw'o partsenables the corrugated and greater part, f, tobe cheaply and readilymade of cast metal, while the point can he madeof steel, which isdesirable, and comparatively of little cost, owing to the small amountot' metal required, and capable of being hardened, so as not to batterwhen driven against stones, which, when small, will be displaced by it.The use of the ring i, by causing the .blows inidriving the tube'ro-react on both A and H', diminishes the strain, and` tendency tobatterand bruise their lower ends;

It has been found from experience that when the slits forvthe admissionof the water lare vmade in the outer' tube= they frequently become soplastered up, in passing through strata of clay and moist earth, as toeiectuf ally prevent the entrance ofthe Water, and which the suctionfrom the pump is insuicient to relieve, both on account ofthe iincnessof the slits and the adherent quality of the clay. Itis evident that myimprovement entirely prevents this difficulty.

A prominent feature consists in making the slot b oblique, in connectionwith the insulating portion, H, of the pipe, so that when the latter iswithdrawn, and water fills the space J, which it occupied, the sand andearth willbe directed downward by the inclined edges of the openings,and fall outside the tube, instead of entering it. The slots arearranged spirally areln'idthe tube A, seas to meet small water-veins inevery direction.

I claim the combination of the interposed shoulder-f 0E thedriving-point C, and the interposed section of tubing t', with theexternal tube H H and internal tube .A ,csaid interposed portions beingof a. diii'erent material, for tliepurpose of relieving the parts incontact from the injurious effect of the concussion in driving,constructed and arranged substantially as setvforth.

In Witness whereof', I lieve hereunto signedmy-name vin the presenceoftwo subscribing witnesses.

H. ARNOLD.

Witness es:

JAY HYATT, ALBERT HAIGnr.

